DGNB discussion on "Cooperative-based neighbourhood development" with Dr. Stephan Anders (DGNB)
Published
28:21 min, recorded 10/29/2020, released 11/30/2020.
Thomas Pfohl leads the discussion of the Baden-Württembergische Genossenschaftsverband e.V. with Dr. Stephan Anders (DGNB).
It deals with the tasks and fields of activity of the respective organisations in the area of neighbourhood development for the professional support of the initiatives involved in the project as well as their assessments with regard to the implementation of neighbourhood projects in the legal and corporate form of the registered cooperative.
Planning, construction and management of inclusive housing complexes
The Institute for Urban Planning and Social Research WEEBER+PARTNER (Stuttgart) examined 16 case studies and interviewed responsible persons in municipal, cooperative and private housing companies. The projects are characterized by a wide range of planning and construction approaches. According to the study, social diversity requires structural diversity: Rental, social and owner-occupied apartments of different sizes and with diverse layouts were created in the new housing quarters. They are socially mixed - even within buildings - with the respective proportions in the neighbourhood being derived from local requirements. The new quarters also offer space for communal forms of living, for example for older people and those in need of care. And they are characterised by an attractively designed and green residential environment. Concept awards promote the planning and implementation of such projects: Through them, plots of land are not allocated according to the highest price, but for the best concept.
The study was funded by the Innovation Programme Future Construction of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, for Construction and Home Affairs (BMI).
In a recently written short study, scientists from the Department of Energy System Analysis at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE prepared an evaluation of the Market Master Data Register (MaStR) and the EEG system master data for photovoltaics (PV). Important findings of the analyses were that with 38 percent of the newly installed capacity, the increase in capacity in Germany is increasingly taking place in the segment of rooftop systems larger than 100 kW, 22 percent of the newly built PV systems are erected in a west, east or east-west direction and 19 percent of these systems have tilt angles smaller than 20 degrees.
Relative shares of the different orientations in the construction of new plants. Source: Own calculation based on MaStR data registered as of 31.01.2019 (as of 03.03.2020).
The Market Master Data Register (MaStR) is the register for the German electricity and gas market. Since January 2021, all electricity generation units connected to the general supply grid must be entered in it. This also applies to the steadily growing number of photovoltaic systems in Germany. In addition to the master data on output and location of a PV system, which has already been recorded in the Renewable Energy Sources Act register (EEG system master data), the market master data register records further information such as orientation, inclination and output limitation.
These parameters have now been analyzed by scientists at Fraunhofer ISE. The evaluation covers the period from 2000 to the present day and shows the development over time in terms of number, power, location by federal state, orientation, inclination and power limitation. Different evaluation criteria were taken into consideration, which allow statements to be made on the following aspects: Plant addition, power addition by plant class, plant addition by federal state, plant orientation and inclination angle.
Fraunhofer ISE evaluates these central parameters at regular intervals and makes the results publicly available. In addition, the Institute offers further evaluations of this database on request.
82 percent of the added systems are smaller than 10 kW
The evaluation of the installation of new systems by system class essentially shows that the <10 kW size range has remained constant since 2014 with an average share of 82 percent. Rooftop systems over 10 and up to 100 kW had a heyday between 2004 and 2011, when their share of new installations - in relation to the number of systems - averaged 43 percent.
Growing part of the added capacity is due to large rooftop systems
When examining the increase in capacity by plant class, it becomes clear that the high share of the <10 kW plant class in terms of the number of plants is only reflected in a high increase in capacity to a limited extent. The share of the plant class has remained fairly constant at an average of 19 percent since 2014. One system segment whose relative share of capacity growth has increased sharply is the system class of rooftop systems from 100 to 750 kW. From 17 percent in 2012, their share has more than doubled to 38 percent in 2019. In contrast, the importance of ground-mounted systems has declined from 45 percent in 2012 to 20 percent in 2019.
More than half of the PV systems will no longer be built in Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg
The two states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg accounted for an average of 59.6 percent of new installations in Germany between 2000 and 2009, and this share declined to an average of 44.5 percent between 2010 and 2019. Over the same periods, North Rhine-Westphalia increased its average contribution from 14.1 to 18.3 percent, Lower Saxony's share rose from 6.5 to 9.2 percent, and Brandenburg's share increased from 0.7 to 2.2 percent. All the remaining federal states also recorded increases, albeit to a lesser extent. Despite the decline in their share, Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg remain in first and second place in terms of new installations in 2019, with 24.4 percent and 18.6 percent respectively. This is followed by North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Saxony and Hesse with 17.9 percent, 9.2 percent and 6.1 percent respectively.
73 percent of newly installed PV systems are limited in their capacity
Only around a quarter of the newly installed plants in 2019 do not have any output limitation. According to the EEG, 66 percent of newly installed plants may only feed a maximum of 70 percent of their output into the grid because they do not have remotely controllable feed-in management. This proportion has grown by an average of 4 percentage points per year since 2014. The remaining output-limited plants have even higher limitations of 60 to 50 percent as a result of the combination with a battery storage system.
Increasing proportion of PV systems facing east and west
While the share of PV systems with southern orientation decreased from 61 percent in 2000 to 42 percent in 2019, the share of systems with eastern and western orientation increased at almost the same rate: east from 1 percent in 2000 to 7 percent in 2019, west from 3 percent in 2000 to 9 percent in 2019, east-west from 1 percent in 2000 to 6 percent in 2019.
Plants are increasingly being built with a lower angle of inclination.
The share of added PV systems (rooftop and ground-mounted) with a tilt angle of less than 20 degrees averaged 10 percent between the years 2000 and 2009. Subsequently, between 2010 and 2019, the share increased to an average of 19 percent. Systems with 20 to 40 degrees of tilt accounted for an average of 63 percent between 2000 and 2009, falling to 54 percent between 2010 and 2019.
On 27 September 2017, the IBA_LAB, the symposium of the International Building Exhibition (IBA) Heidelberg, will take place for the fifth time in a row. This year, for the first time, discussants and guests will meet in the German capital Berlin to broaden their perspective and discuss the question of the "Knowledge City of Tomorrow" in conversation - all in preparation for the IBA's major interim presentation in 2018.
The keynote speech at the evening reception will be given by Wolfgang Lotter, co-founder of brand eins. We will discuss the city in the knowledge society with Theresia Bauer, Minister of Science of the State of Baden-Württemberg, Undine Giseke, Head of the Department of Landscape Architecture and Open Space Planning at the TU Berlin, Volker Hassemer, former senator and board member of the Stiftung Zukunft Berlin, Jürgen Odszuck, Mayor of the City of Heidelberg, philosopher and author Rebekka Reinhard and Alexander Rieck from the Fraunhofer Institute.
The LAB deals in particular with the IBA Heidelberg's guiding question: How must the European city transform itself to meet the demands of tomorrow's knowledge society? From 2012 to 2022, the IBA wants to initiate and implement building projects and processes around the knowledge society and its guiding theme Knowledge | Creates | City. The primary aim is to focus questions of social change on their urban planning and architectural dimensions. In cooperation with the board of trustees, the IBA Heidelberg developed 4+1 more precise focal themes: Sciences, Learning Spaces, Networking, Material Cycles and overarching Co-production. Until 2022, the building projects are intended to give a selective impression of how the "knowledge city of tomorrow" will look in terms of architecture and planning.
Discourse at international level on the knowledge city of tomorrow is indispensable. That's why the IBA is looking for answers with appropriate knowledge transfer via existing and new networks - as was the case at this year's IBA_LAB N°5.
Theses on the "Knowledge City of Tomorrow" are also presented in the IBA Heidelberg's first publication, the recently published IBA_LOGBook N°1 thematised.Participation in IBA_LAB N°5 is free of charge. Please register by 20 September 2017 at www.iba.heidelberg.de.
The event is recognised by the Baden-Württemberg Chamber of Architects as continuing education for three hours.
Stuttgart. The Baden-Württemberg Association of Cities is in favour of a CO 2 -pricing. At the most recent board meeting, the committee spoke unanimously in favour and called on the state government to develop a concept together with the municipalities.
"Cities and municipalities have been working hard on the topic of climate protection in recent years - and yet we are finding that it has not been enough in terms of results ", said the President of the Association of Cities and Towns, Dr Peter Kurz, Lord Mayor of Mannheim, citing examples: "Energy saving, renewable energies, energy refurbishment and environmentally friendly mobility have long been on the energy policy agenda of cities," Kurz said, "and there are several networks on climate impact adaptation at both European and international level in which many cities and municipalities in Baden-Württemberg are also involved, such as the EU Covenant of Mayors."
"Proven instruments of municipal climate protection policy are independent and ambitious climate protection concepts in our larger member municipalities and the proven instruments of the European Energy Award," added Gudrun Heute-Bluhm, executive board member of the Association of Cities. The heating plans that will be required in future by the state for the larger municipalities are also available in four places and offer great potential for climate protection with municipal funds.
In order to reduce CO2 -emissions, other incentives are needed than those currently in place, according to the Executive Committee of the Association of German Cities. Following on from the resolution of the German Association of Cities, the board therefore advocates a CO2 This would allow costs to be shifted in favour of climate-friendly energy sources. In any case, the desired restructuring of the state tax and levy system must be socially balanced. "Climate-damaging behaviour must have a price, so we should also examine with the state how we can implement this in the municipal levy system. This is in the interest of the municipalities, which want to actively participate in the achievement of national and international climate protection goals," says the board.
"No one can achieve climate protection alone - neither the federal government, nor the state, nor the municipalities. We can only do it hand in hand, which is why the climate targets can only be achieved if the federal and state governments live up to their responsibility by creating suitable framework conditions and taking action themselves," stressed Mayor Kurz. The state government should therefore come to an agreement with the municipalities on a concept that takes into account the municipal options for action. Climate protection-relevant support programmes should be examined for their effect and adapted if necessary.
President Kurz: "We see climate protection as the challenge of the future and it is a matter for the bosses in our cities - 'mayors for future', so to speak!"
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